Kukosha kweHigh-Voltage Wire Materials muMotokari dzeMagetsi

1. Nhanganyaya

Mota dzemagetsi (EVs) dziri kushandura mafambiro atinoita, dzichipa imwe yakachena uye inoshanda zvakanyanya kune dzechinyakare dzinofambiswa negasi. Asi kuseri kwekukurumidza kumhanyisa uye kushanda kwakanyarara kweEV kune chinhu chakakosha icho kazhinji chisinga cherechedzwe-high-voltage waya. Aya mawaya ane basa rekufambisa simba pakati pebhatiri, mota, uye akasiyana emagetsi zvinhu, achiita seayalifelineyesimba remagetsi emotokari.

Sezvo maEV achiwedzera kufambira mberi, zvinodikanwa pahigh-voltage wiring system zviri kuwedzera. Kuchengetedzeka, kushanda nesimba, uye kusimba ndizvo zvinonyanya kunetsa, zvichiita kuti kusarudzwa kwezvinhu kuve chinhu chakakosha. Saka, ndezvipi zvinhu zvakanyatsokodzera high-voltage EV wiring? Ngatizviparadze.

2. Mhando dzeHigh-Voltage Wire Insulation Materials

Kuti uve nechokwadi chekushanda kwakachengeteka uye kwakanaka, waya dzepamusoro-voltage dzinofanira kuvainsulatednezvinhu zvemhando yepamusoro zvinokwanisa kushingirira kupisa, kushushikana kwemagetsi, nematambudziko ezvakatipoteredza. Heano anonyanya kufarirwa masimbi anoshandiswa muEV yakakwira-voltage waya:

2.1. Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)

PVC yakamboshandiswa zvakanyanya nekuda kwayomari yakaderera uye yakanaka mechanical properties. Zviri nyore kugadzirisa uye inopa kusimba kwakanaka. Nekudaro, PVC ine zvimwe zvakakosha zvinokanganisa:

• Iine chlorine, iyo inoita kuti ive inokuvadza kune zvakatipoteredza uye hutano hwevanhu.
• Iine hutsika husina kunaka hwekupisa, izvo zvinogona kutungamirira mukuparara pasi pekushisa kwepamusoro.
• Inowanzoita kuoma uye kutsemuka nekufamba kwenguva, kunyanya mumamiriro ezvinhu akanyanya.

Nekuda kwenyaya idzi, vagadziri vazhinji vari kubva kuPVC vachifarira zvimwe zvemberi zvinhu.

2.2. Cross-Linked Polyolefin (XLPO)

XLPO ndeimwe yesarudzo dzepamusoro dzepamusoro-voltage EV waya. Heino chikonzero:

• Superior heat resistance:Inogona kumira kutonhora kwepamusoro pasina kuderedza.
• Yakanakisa mechanical simba:Inopesana nekukotama, kutambanudza, uye kukanganisa.
• Durability:Hupenyu hurefu nekuda kwekuramba kwayo kuchembera nekupfeka.
• Kugadzikana kwemakemikari:Inoshingirira mukuora uye nharaunda dzakaoma.

Imwe drawback ndeye yayozvishoma nezvishoma kupikisa moto, asi halogen-isina flame-retardant XLPO inowanzoshandiswa kugadzirisa nyaya iyi. Nekuda kwekuita kwayo kwakasimba, XLPO yave sarudzo yekutanga yeEV yakakwira-voltage waya.

2.3. Thermoplastic Elastomer (TPE)

TPE chinhu chinochinjika uye chiri nyore-kugadzirisa icho chinosanganisa zvimiro zverabha nepurasitiki. Inopa:

• Zvakanaka elasticitypatembiricha yakajairika.
• Moldability, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kuumba muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvewaya.

Zvisinei, ine humwe utera:

• Lower kupfeka resistancezvichienzaniswa neXLPO.
• Kuita kwakaderera kwepamusoro-tembiricha, zvichiita kuti isanyanya kukodzera kudiwa nharaunda dzeEV.

Nekuda kwezvipimo izvi, TPE haisi iyo yakanakisa sarudzo yeakakwira-voltage wiring asi ichiri kushandiswa mune mamwe maapplication.

3. Maitiro eEV High-Voltage Wires

Kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedza uye kuvimbika, waya dzepamusoro-voltage muEVs dzinofanirwa kusangana neyakaomarara indasitiri zviyero. Heano mamwe emitemo yakakosha inoshandiswa pasi rose:

International Standards:

• IEC Mitemo: Vhivha magetsi, mechanical, uye thermal properties.
• ISO Mitemo:
  • ISO 19642: Inotarisa pamatambo emotokari yemumugwagwa.
  • ISO 6722: Inovhara yakaderera-voltage tambo asi dzimwe nguva inoratidzwa muEV application.

Chinese National Standards:

• QC/T 1037: Inogadzirisa tambo dzakakwirira-voltage dzemotokari itsva dzesimba.
• CQC 1122: Inotarisa paEV yekuchaja tambo.

Zvimwe Zvitupa:

• LV216: German motokari tambo mureza.
• DEKRA K179: Inoedza kuramba murazvo uye kuchengetedzwa kwemoto.

4. Zvido Zvinodiwa Zvekuita

High-voltage tambo dzinofanirwa kusangana nezvakati wandei zvinodiwa kuti ive yakachengeteka uye yakavimbika kushanda muEVs. Ngatitarisei pane zvakakosha maitiro ekuita:

4.1. Kuita Kwemagetsi

• Inobata high voltage uye yakakura ikozvino: EV yakakwira-voltage masisitimu anowanzo shanda pa400V kusvika 800V, inoda tambo neyakanakisa insulation.
• Inodzivirira kubuda kwemagetsi: Kutadza kuvharisa kunogona kukonzerakupera simba kana kunyange mapfupi maseketi ane ngozi.
• Inomira kune high voltage stress: Sezvo EV bhatiri voltage inowedzera, tambo dzinofanira kuramba kuparara kwemagetsi.

4.2. Kuita Kwenyama

• Heat Resistance: Munguvakukurumidza kuchaja kana kutyaira zvakanyanya, tambo dzinofanira kutsungirira tembiricha yakakwira pasina kunyunguduka kana kushatisa.
• Cold Resistance: Munechando mamiriro, iyo insulation inofanira kugara ichichinjika uye kwete kuita brittle.
• Kuchinja-chinja: Cables dzinofanira kukotama uye nzira nyore panguva yekuisa uye kushanda.
• Mechanical Simba: Waya dzinofanira kutsungiriravibration, kukanganisa, uye kutambanudzapasina kutyora kana kurasikirwa nekuita.

4.3. Chemical Performance

• Mafuta uye Fluid Resistance: Inofanirwa kutsungirira kuratidzwamafuta ekuzora, bhatiri electrolytes, uye mamwe madhiri emotokari.
• Corrosion Resistance: Inodzivirira kubva mukukuvadzwa kubvamakemikari uye yakaoma mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza.

5. Future Trends uye Innovations

Kubudirira kwechizvarwa chinoteverahigh-voltage waya zvinhu inzira inoenderera mberi. Hezvino izvo ramangwana rakabata:

• Yepamusoro-yezvino-yekutakura kugona: Sezvobhatiri voltages inokwira, tambo dzinofanira kutsigirakunyange yakakwirira masimba masimba.
• Zviri nani kupisa kusagadzikana: Zvishandiso zvitsva zvichadarokubata kupisa kwakanyanyakutopfuura XLPO yanhasi.
• Sustainability: Iyo indasitiri iri kuchinjika yakanangazvinhu zvakatipoteredzaizvo zvinoderedza kusvibiswa uye zvinovandudza kushandiswazve.
• Kuvandudzwa kwekuchengetedza moto: New insulation formulations ichapanani kuramba murazvopasina makemikari ane chepfu.
• Advanced kugadzira: Innovations inextrusion uye maitiro ekugadzirisaichawedzera kuita kwetambo uku ichidzikisa mitengo yekugadzira.

Mhedziso

High-voltage cables chinhu chakakosha asi chinowanzo furatirwa chikamu chemotokari yemagetsi. Kusarudza yakakodzera insulation zvinhu kunovimbisakuchengeteka, kushanda zvakanaka, uye kugara kwenguva refu, zvichibatsira pakuvimbika kwese kweEVs. Sezvo tekinoroji ichifambira mberi, tinogona kutarisirakunyange zvinhu zviri naniizvo zvinowedzera kushanda paunenge urizvakanyanya kugadzikana. Ramangwana reEV wiring rakajeka, uye kuenderera mberi hunyanzvi kuchabatsira kufambisa indasitiri kumberi!

Winpowermota yemagetsi yakakwira-voltage waya zvinhu inovhara akawanda tembiricha mazinga kubva pa105 ℃ kusvika 150 ℃. Mumashandisirwo anoshanda, vanoratidza yakanakisa kupisa kupisa, magetsi ekudzivirira, yakakwirira kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye michina zvivakwa, zvichipa vimbiso dzakavimbika dzekushanda kwakagadzikana kwemotokari. Panguva imwecheteyo, neakanakisa mabhenefiti ekuita, ivo vanogadzirisa zvinobudirira kukanganisa kwekuita kwechinyakare zvinhu munzvimbo dzakaoma, vachipa rutsigiro rwakasimba rwekushanda kwakachengeteka kwemotokari dzemagetsi pasi pemamiriro ekushanda akakosha.