Kuongorora kwekukura uye kushandiswa kwesindasitiri yekuchengetedza simba.
1. Nhanganyaya kune Energy Kuchengetedza Tekinoroji.
Kuchengetedza simba ndiko kuchengetedza kwesimba. Zvinoreva matekinoroji ayo anoshandura fomu imwe yesimba mune imwe yakagadzikana fomu uye ichengete. Ivo vanobva vaburitsa mune yakatarwa fomu pazvinenge zvichidikanwa. Nheyo dzakasiyana dzekuchengetedza simba dzakakamura mumhando 3: Mechanical, electromagnic, uye electrochemical. Rudzi rwese rwega rwemhando yekuchengetedza simba ine zvaro simba renji, maitiro, uye kushandiswa.
| Energy Kuchengetedza Type | Ratidziro Simba | Ratete Simba | Hunhu | Zviitiko zvinoshanda | |
| Michina Simba rekuchengetedza simba | 抽水 储能 | 100-2000Mw | 4-10h | Chiyero chikuru, matekinoroji akura; zvishoma mhinduro, zvinoda zviwanikwa zvega | Load Letulation, Frequency Kudzora uye System Backup, Grid Kugadzikana Kudzora. |
| 压缩 空气储能 | IMW-300MW | 1-20 | Yakakura-chiyero, akura tekinoroji; inononoka kupindura, inoda zviwanikwa zvega zviwanikwa. | Peak Kuveura, System Backup, Grid Kugadzikana Kudzora | |
| 飞轮 储能 | Kw-30mw | 15s-30 min | Yakakwirira chaiyo simba, mutengo wakakwira, yakakwirira ruzha level | Shanduro / Dynamic kutonga, frequency kutonga, kudzora voltage, UPS uye bhatiri simba rekuchengetedza. | |
| Electromagnetic Simba rekuchengetedza simba | 超导 储能 | Kw-1mw | 2s-5min | Nekukurumidza mhinduro, yakakwirira chaiyo simba; Yakakwira mutengo, kuoma kuchengetedza | Shanduro / Dynamic Kudzora, Frequency Kudzora, Simba Remhando Control, UPS uye Battery Energy Kuchengetedza |
| 超级 电容 | Kw-1mw | 1-30 | Nekukurumidza mhinduro, yakakwirira chaiyo simba; Yakakwira Mutengo | Simba Mhando Yekudzora, UPS uye Battery Energy Kuchengetedza | |
| Electrochemical Simba rekuchengetedza simba | 铅酸 电池 | Kw-50mw | 1min-3 h | Tekinoroji yakakura, mutengo wakaderera; pfupi lifespan, nzvimbo dzekudzivirira kwezvakatipoteredza | Power Station Backup, Kutema Kutanga, UPS, Energy Balance |
| 液流 电池 | Kw-100mw | 1-20 | Mari zhinji bhatiri dzinosanganisira kuchera kwakadzika uye kurasa. Ivo vari nyore kubatanidza, asi vane yakaderera simba density | Inovhara simba hunhu. Izvo zvakare zvinofukidza backup simba. Inovharawo Peak Kuveura neMupata kuzadza. Iyo zvakare inovhara simba rekutonga uye kuvandudza simba rekuchengetedza. | |
| 钠硫 电池 | 1kw-100mw | Maawa | Yakakwira chaiyo simba, yakakwira mutengo, nyaya dzekuchengetedza dzekuchengetedza dzinoda kuvandudzwa. | Mhando yemagetsi imwe pfungwa imwe. Iyo Backup Simba Kuwanikwa ndeimwe. Zvadaro, pane peak kuveura uye mupata kuzadza. Simba manejimendi ndeimwe. Pakupedzisira, pane kuvandudza simba rekuchengetedza simba. | |
| 锂离子 电池 | Kw-100mw | Maawa | Yakakwirira chaiyo simba, mutengo unoderera sezvo mutengo weLithium-ion mabhatiri anoderera | Shanduro / Dynamic kutonga, frequency kutonga, kudzora voltage, UPS uye bhatiri simba rekuchengetedza. | |
Zvine zvakanakira. Izvi zvinosanganisira kushoma kukanganisa kubva kune geography. Ivo zvakare vane nguva pfupi yekuvaka uye yakakwirira simba gensity. Nekuda kweizvozvo, Electrochemical Simba rekuchengetedza rinogona kushandiswa rinogona kushandiswa zvine hunyanzvi. Inoshanda mumamiriro mazhinji emasimba ekuchengetedza. Iyo ndiyo tekinoroji yekuchengetedza simba. Iyo ine yakakura kwazvo yekushandisa uye zvakanyanya mukana wekusimudzira. Iwo makuru emalhinum-ion mabhatiri. Ivo vanoshandiswa mune zviitiko kubva pamaminitsi kusvika maawa.
2. Energy kuchengetedza application zviitiko
Simba rekuchengetedza rine hupfumi hwekushandisa maComlication mune Simba System. Simba rekuchengetedza rine 3 huru kushandiswa: chizvarwa chizvarwa, grid, uye vashandisi. Vari:
New Enerce Simba Chizvarwa chakasiyana nemhando dzechinyakare. Inokanganiswa nemamiriro ezvinhu echisikigo. Izvi zvinosanganisira mwenje uye tembiricha. Power inobuda inosiyana nemwaka uye masikati. Kugadzirisa simba kune kuda hakugoneki. Iyo isingagadziwi simba remagetsi. Kana iyo yakaiswa simba kana simba chizvarwa chizvarwa chinosvika kune imwe nhanho. Ichakanganisa kugadzikana kwesimba. Kuti uchengetedze iyo Simba System yakachengeteka uye yakagadzikana, iyo idzva resimba system ichashandisa zvigadzirwa zvekuchengetedza simba. Ivo vanozorondedzera kune iyo grid kuti itise pasi simba rekubuda. Izvi zvichaderedza kukanganisa kwesimba resimba resimba. Izvi zvinosanganisira photoltaic uye mhepo simba. Iwo akapindirana uye asina kunaka. Izvo zvakare zvakare kugadzirisa matambudziko ekushandisa simba, semhepo uye kusiiwa kwechiedza.
Tsika yegrid dhizaini uye kuvaka kutevera iyo yakakwira mutoro nzira. Ivo vanoita kudaro padanderi grid. Ndozvazviri kana uchivaka itsva grid kana kuwedzera kugona. Zvishandiso zvinofanirwa kufunga nezve yakanyanya mutoro. Izvi zvichatungamira kumitengo yakakwira uye kushandiswa kwakaderera kweshoko. Kukwira kweGrid-Side Energy Kuchengetedza kunogona kutyora iyo yekutanga yakanyanya kutakura nzira. Kana uchigadzira grid nyowani kana kuwedzera yekare, inogona kuderedza grid conesttion. Izvo zvakare zvinosimudzira kuwedzera uye kusimudzira michina. Izvi zvinoponesa pane grid Investment mutengo uye inovandudza kushandisa kweshoko. Simba rekuchengetedza simba rinoshandisa midziyo semutakuri mukuru. Iyo inoshandiswa pane zvizvarwa zvechizvarwa uye grid mativi. Iyo inonyanya kuve yekushandisa nesimba resimba rinopfuura 30kw. Ivo vanoda chinzvimbo chepamusoro chigadzirwa.
Nyowani idzva masisitimu pane mushandisi chikamu chinonyanya kushandiswa kuburitsa uye kuchengetedza simba. Iyi inocheka magetsi emitengo uye inoshandisa kuchengetedza simba kuti isimbise simba. Panguva imwecheteyo, vashandisi vanogona zvakare kushandisa masimba ekuchengetedza simba kuchengetedza magetsi kana mitengo yakaderera. Izvi zvinokutendera kuti vateme kushandisa kwavo magetsi emagetsi kana mitengo yakakwira. Ivo vanogona zvakare kutengesa magetsi kubva kuhurongwa hwekuchengetedza kuita mari kubva kuPeak neMitengo mitengo. Mushandisi-Side Energy Kuchengetedza inoshandisa makabati seyekutakura kukuru. Iyo inokodzera zvikumbiro mumaindasitiri uye yekutengeserana mapaki uye akagovera mafoto mafoto masimba. Aya ari mu 1KW kusvika 10KW Simba renji. Iko kugadzirwa kwechigadzirwa kwakanyanyisa kuderera.
3. Iyo "inobva-grid-mutoro-yekuchengetedza" system yakawedzera application mamiriro ekuchengetedza simba
Iyo "Source-grid-mutoro-yekuchengetedza" system ndeyekuvhiya maitiro. Inosanganisira mhinduro ye "simba sosi, simba grid, mutoro, uye kuchengetedza simba". Inogona kuwedzera simba kushandisa kushanda zvakanaka uye grid chengetedzo. Inogona kugadzirisa matambudziko senge grid kusimba mukushandiswa kwesimba. Mune ino system, iyo sosi ndeye simba rekutengesa. Inosanganisira simba rinotsvuka, rakadai soromarara, mhepo, uye hydropower. Izvo zvinosanganisirawo simba rechinyakare, senge marasha, mafuta, uye gasi rechisikigo. Iyo grid ndiyo simba rekuendesa simba network. Inosanganisira kutapurika mitsara uye zvigadzirwa zvemidziyo system. Mutoro ndiye mugumo mushandisi wesimba. Inosanganisira vagari, mabhizinesi, uye zvivakwa zveveruzhinji. Kuchengetera ibasa rekuchengetedza simba rekuchengetedza simba. Inosanganisira michina yekuchengetedza uye tekinoroji.
Mune yekare Simba System, zvidyarwa zveimba zvekushandisa ndizvo zvinowanikwa simba. Dzimba nemaindasitiri ndiwo mutoro. Ivo vaviri vari kure kure. Iyo Simba Grid dzinovabatanidza. Inoshandisa yakakura, yakabatanidzwa kudzora maitiro. Iyo chaiyo-nguva yekuyera maitiro iyo iyo iyo Simba rekuti Simba rinotevera mutoro.
Pasi pe "Neue LeistSystem", iyo system yakawedzera kubhadharisa chikumbiro chemotokari nyowani idzva se "mutoro" kune vashandisi. Izvi zvakawedzera zvakadzvanywa pane simba grid. Nzira itsva dzesimba, seThosvoltaics, tendera vashandisi kuve "simba renzvimbo." Zvakare, mota nyowani dzinoda kubhadharisa. Uye, idzva resimba simba chizvarwa hachigadzikwi. Saka, vashandisi vanoda "simba rekuchengetedza" kuti rinyaradzi simba rechizvarwa chavo uye kushandiswa pane grid. Izvi zvichagonesa Peak Simba Shandisa uye TROUL Simba kuchengetedza.
Shanduko itsva yekushandisa iri kutsausa. Vashandisi zvino vanoda kuvaka microgrids yemuno. Izvi zvinobatanidza "masimba masosi" (mwenje), "Kuchengetedza Energy" (kuchengetedza), uye "mitoro" (kubhadharisa). Ivo vanoshandisa kudzora uye kutaurirana tech kuti vatore mari yakawanda. Vanorega vashandisi vanogadzira uye vanoshandisa simba nyowani munharaunda. Ivo zvakare vanobatana neimba hombe grid munzira mbiri. Izvi zvinoderedza kukanganisika kwavo pane grid uye kunobatsira zviyero. Iyo diki microgrid uye yekuchengetedza simba ndeye "PhotoVoltaic kuchengetedza uye kubhadharisa system". Yakabatanidzwa. Ichi chiitiko chakakosha che "sosi grid mutoro wekuchengetedza".
二. Shanduro yekushandisa uye musika kugona kweshanduru yekuchengetedza simba
Chirevo chaCnona chinoti nekupera kwa2023, huwandu hwakazara hwekushandisa simba rekuchengetedza simba raive 289.20GW. Izvi zviri kumusoro 21.92% kubva 237.20GW pakupera kwe2022 Iyi ndeye 99.62% kuwedzera kubva gore rapfuura.
Pakupera kwe2023, huwandu hwakazara hwemizano rekuchengetedza simba muChina dzakasvika 86.50GW. Yakanga iri kumusoro 44.65% kubva pa58.80Gw pakupera kwe2022. Ivo zvino vanogadzira 29.91% yeGlobal Capacity, kumusoro kusvika kumagumo e2022 Iyo inozivisa 59.40%. Kukura kwemusika kunouya kunyanya kubva kutsva simba rekuchengetedza simba. Izvi zvinosanganisira lithium-ion mabhatiri, maronda-acid mabhatiri, uye mhepo yakamanikidzwa. Ivo vane huwandu hwakazara hwe 34.51GW. Iyi ndeye 163.93% kuwedzera kubva gore rapfuura. Muna 2023, china chitsva chemagetsi chemuviri chichawedzera ne21.4gw, gore-pagore-gore rekuwedzera kwe191,77%. New Energy kuchengetedza inosanganisira lithium-ion mabhatiri uye yakamanikidzwa mhepo. Ose maviri ane mazana egrid-yakabatana, megawatt-level mapurojekiti.
Kutonga kubva pakuronga nekuvakwa kwemapurojekiti matsva ekuchengetedza simba, china nyowani yekuchengetedza simba yave yakakura-chiyero. Muna 2022, pane mapurogiramu 1,799. Ivo vakarongwa, vari kuvakwa, kana kushanda. Ivo vane huwandu hwakazara hweanenge 104.50gw. Mazhinji emapurojekiti matsva ekuchengetedza simba anoiswa mukushanda zvidiki uye nepakati-saizi. Chiyero chavo chiri pasi pegumi. Vanogadzira anenge 61.98% yehuwandu. Mapurojekiti ekuchengetedza esimba ekuronga uye ari pasi pekuvaka anonyanya kukura. Iwo ari 10MW uye pamusoro. Ivo vanogadzira 75,73% yehuwandu. Anopfuura makumi mana nemakumi mana emadhora emabasa emabasa ari mumabasa. Ivo vane hwaro uye mamiriro ekuchengetedza simba kune simba grid.
Tumira nguva: Jul-22-2024