Mazano Akakosha eKusarudza Iyo Yakakodzera Magetsi Cable Type, Saizi, uye Kuiswa

Mutambo, voltage inowanzoyerwa mumavolts (V), uye tambo dzakaiswa muzvikamu zvichibva pane yavo voltage rating. Iyo voltage rating inoratidza iyo yakanyanya kushanda voltage iyo tambo inogona kubata zvakachengeteka. Heano iwo makuru emagetsi mapoka etambo, iwo anowirirana maapplication, uye zviyero:

1. Low Voltage (LV) Cables

• Voltage RangeKusvika ku1 kV (1000V)
• Applications: Inoshandiswa muzvivakwa zvekugara, zvekutengesa, uye zvemaindasitiri zvekugovera magetsi, mwenje, uye yakaderera-simba masisitimu.
• Common Standards:
  • IEC 60227: YePVC insulated tambo (inoshandiswa mukugovera simba).
  • IEC 60502: Kwetambo dzepasi-voltage.
  • BS 6004: YePVC-insulated cables.
  • UL 62: Kune tambo dzinochinjika muUS

2. Medium Voltage (MV) Cables

• Voltage Range: 1 kV kusvika 36 kV
• Applications: Inoshandiswa mukufambiswa kwemagetsi uye kugovera network, kazhinji kune maindasitiri kana zvekushandisa.
• Common Standards:
  • IEC 60502-2: Yepakati-voltage tambo.
  • IEC 60840: Kune tambo dzinoshandiswa mu-high-voltage network.
  • IEEE 383: Kwetambo dzepamusoro-dzinodzivirira kupisa dzinoshandiswa mumagetsi emagetsi.

3. High Voltage (HV) Cables

• Voltage Range: 36 kV kusvika 245 kV
• Applications: Inoshandiswa mukufambiswa kure-kure kwemagetsi, yakakwira-voltage substations, uye yekugadzira magetsi zvivakwa.
• Common Standards:
  • IEC 60840: Kwetambo dzepamusoro-voltage.
  • IEC 62067: Kune tambo dzinoshandiswa mune yakakwira-voltage AC uye DC kutapurirana.
  • IEE 48: Yekuedza tambo dzepamusoro-voltage.

4. Extra High Voltage (EHV) Cables

• Voltage Range: Pamusoro pe245 kV
• Applications: Kune ma-ultra-high-voltage transmission systems (anoshandiswa mukufambisa kwehuwandu hwemagetsi emagetsi pamakiromita marefu).
• Common Standards:
  • IEC 60840: Zvekuwedzera high-voltage tambo.
  • IEC 62067: Inoshanda kune tambo dzepamusoro-voltage DC transmission.
  • IEEE 400: Kuedza uye zviyero zveEHV cable systems.

5. Special Voltage Cables (semuenzaniso, Low-Voltage DC, Solar Cables)

• Voltage Range: Inosiyana, asi kazhinji pasi pe1 kV
• Applications: Inoshandiswa kune chaiwo maapplication senge solar panel masisitimu, mota dzemagetsi, kana kufonera.
• Common Standards:
  • IEC 60287: Kuverengera ikozvino kutakura kugona kwetambo.
  • UL 4703: Zvetambo dzezuva.
  • TÜV: Nezve solar tambo certification (semuenzaniso, TÜV 2PfG 1169/08.2007).

Low Voltage (LV) Cables uye High Voltage (HV) Cables dzinogona kugovaniswazve mumhando chaidzo, imwe neimwe yakagadzirirwa mamwe maapplication zvichienderana nezvaanoita, kuvaka, uye nharaunda. Heino rondedzero yakazara:

Low Voltage (LV) Cables Subtypes:

1. Power Distribution Cables

   • Tsanangudzo: Aya ndiwo anonyanya kushandiswa low voltage tambo dzekugovera magetsi munzvimbo dzekugara, dzekutengesa, uye maindasitiri.
   • Applications:
     • Simba rekupa zvivakwa nemichina.
     • Distribution panels, switchboards, uye general power circuits.
   • Mienzaniso Yemienzaniso: IEC 60227 (PVC-insulated), IEC 60502-1 (nekuda kwechinangwa).

2. Armored Cables (Steel Wire Armored - SWA, Aluminium Wire Armored - AWA)

   • Tsanangudzo: Tambo idzi dzine simbi kana aruminiyamu wire armor layer yekuwedzera mekiniki dziviriro, zvichiita kuti dzive dzakakodzera nzvimbo dzekunze uye dzemaindasitiri uko kukuvara kwemuviri kuri kunetseka.
   • Applications:
     • Underground installations.
     • Industrial michina uye midziyo.
     • Kuiswa kwekunze munzvimbo dzakaoma.
   • Mienzaniso Yemienzaniso: IEC 60502-1, BS 5467, uye BS 6346.

3. Rubber Cables (Flexible Rubber Cables)

   • Tsanangudzo: Tambo idzi dzakagadzirwa nerubber insulation uye sheathing, ichipa kuchinjika uye kusimba. Iwo akagadzirirwa kushandiswa kwenguva pfupi kana flexible connections.
   • Applications:
     • Michina yenhare (semuenzaniso, cranes, forklifts).
     • Kugadziriswa kwemagetsi kwenguva pfupi.
     • Mota dzemagetsi, nzvimbo dzekuvaka, uye maapplication ekunze.
   • Mienzaniso Yemienzaniso: IEC 60245 (H05RR-F, H07RN-F), UL 62 (yetambo dzinoshanduka).

4. Halogen-Yemahara (Yakaderera Utsi) Cables

   • Tsanangudzo: Tambo idzi dzinoshandisa halogen-isina zvinhu, zvichiita kuti dzive dzakakodzera nharaunda uko kuchengetedza moto kuri pamberi. Kana moto, dzinobudisa utsi hushoma uye hadzibudisi magasi anokuvadza.
   • Applications:
     • Airports, zvipatara, uye zvikoro (zvivakwa zveveruzhinji).
     • Nzvimbo dzeindasitiri uko kuchengetedzwa kwemoto kwakakosha.
     • Subways, tunnel, uye nzvimbo dzakapoteredzwa.
   • Mienzaniso YemienzanisoIEC 60332-1 (hunhu hwemoto), EN 50267 (yehutsi hushoma).

5. Kudzora Cables

   • Tsanangudzo: Aya anoshandiswa kufambisa masaini ekudzora kana data mumasisitimu uko kugovera kwemagetsi kusingade. Ivo vane akawanda insulated conductors, kazhinji mune compact fomu.
   • Applications:
     • Automation masisitimu (semuenzaniso, kugadzira, PLCs).
     • Kudzora mapaneru, masisitimu ekuvhenekesa, uye zvinodzora mota.
   • Mienzaniso Yemienzaniso: IEC 60227, IEC 60502-1.

6. Solar Cables (Photovoltaic Cables)

   • Tsanangudzo: Yakagadzirirwa zvakananga kushandiswa mumagetsi ezuva. Iwo anodzivirira UV, anodzivirira mamiriro ekunze, uye anokwanisa kushingirira tembiricha yakakwira.
   • Applications:
     • Kuiswa kwesimba rezuva (photovoltaic systems).
     • Kubatanidza solar panel kune inverters.
   • Mienzaniso Yemienzaniso: TÜV 2PfG 1169/08.2007, UL 4703.

7. Flat Cables

   • Tsanangudzo: Tambo idzi dzine chimiro chakati sandara, zvichiita kuti dzive dzakanakira kushandiswa munzvimbo dzakasimba uye nzvimbo idzo tambo dzakatenderedzwa dzinenge dzakanyanya kuwanda.
   • Applications:
     • Kugoverwa kwemagetsi ekugara munzvimbo shoma.
     • Midziyo yehofisi kana midziyo.
   • Mienzaniso YemienzanisoIEC 60227, UL 62.

8. Matambo Anodzivirira Moto

   • Matambo eEmergency Systems:
     Tambo idzi dzakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza conductivity yemagetsi panguva yakanyanyisa moto mamiriro. Vanoona kuenderera mberi kwekushanda kwechimbichimbi masisitimu senge maaramu, zvinodhonza utsi, uye pombi dzemoto.
     Applications: Emergency maseketi munzvimbo dzeveruzhinji, masisitimu ekuchengetedza moto, uye zvivakwa zvine vanhu vakawanda.

9. Instrumentation Cables

   • Shielded Cables for Signal Transmission:
     Tambo idzi dzakagadzirirwa kutapurirana zvikwangwani zve data munzvimbo dzine high electromagnetic interference (EMI). Ivo vanodzivirirwa kudzivirira kurasikirwa kwechiratidzo uye kupindira kwekunze, kuve nechokwadi chekufambisa data kwakaringana.
     Applications: Kuisirwa kwemaindasitiri, kuendesa data, uye nzvimbo dzine yakakwira EMI.

10. Special Cables

    • Cables for Unique Applications:
      Tambo dzakakosha dzakagadzirirwa kuisirwa niche, senge kuvheneka kwenguva pfupi pazviratidziro zvekutengesa, zvinongedzo zvema cranes epamusoro, pombi dzakanyura, uye masisitimu ekuchenesa mvura. Tambo idzi dzakavakwa kune dzakati nharaunda senge aquariums, madziva ekutuhwina, kana kumwe kuisirwa kwakasiyana.
      Applications: Kuisirwa kwechinguvana, masisitimu akanyura mumvura, mvura dzemvura, madziva ekutuhwina, nemichina yemaindasitiri.

11. Aluminium Cables

    • Aluminium Power Transmission Cables:
      Aluminium tambo dzinoshandiswa kufambisa simba uye kugovera mune zvese zvemukati nekunze kuisirwa. Iwo akareruka uye anodhura-anoshanda, akakodzera hukuru-hukuru hwekugovera simba network.
      Applications: Kufambiswa kwemagetsi, kuiswa kwekunze nepasi pevhu, uye kugovera kukuru.

Medium Voltage (MV) Cables

1. RHZ1 Cables

• XLPE Insulated Cables:
  Aya tambo akagadzirirwa epakati voltage network ane cross-yakabatana polyethylene (XLPE) insulation. Iwo halogen-isina uye asiri-murazvo kuparadzira, achiita kuti ave akakodzera kutakura simba uye kugovera mukati mepakati voltage network.
  Applications: Medium voltage simba kugovera, simba rekufambisa.

2. HEPRZ1 Cables

• HEPR Insulated Cables:
  Idzi tambo dzinoratidza high-energy-resistant polyethylene (HEPR) insulation uye haina halogen-isina. Iwo akanakira kufambiswa kwemagetsi epakati nepakati munzvimbo dzine kuchengetedzwa kwemoto.
  Applications: Medium voltage network, nzvimbo dzinonzwa moto.

3. MV-90 Cables

• XLPE Insulated Cables paAmerican Standards:
  Yakagadzirirwa epakati voltage network, tambo idzi dzinosangana neAmerican zviyero zveXLPE insulation. Iwo anoshandiswa kutakura uye kugovera simba zvakachengeteka mukati mepakati voltage magetsi masisitimu.
  Applications: Simba rekufambisa mune yepakati voltage network.

4. RHVhMVh Cables

• Cables for Special Applications:
  Aya tambo dzemhangura nealuminium dzakagadzirirwa chaizvo nharaunda dzine njodzi yekusangana nemafuta, makemikari, uye mahydrocarbon. Iwo akanakira kuisirwa munzvimbo dzakaoma, senge makemikari zvinomera.
  Applications: Yakakosha maindasitiri ekushandisa, nzvimbo dzine makemikari kana oiri kuratidzwa.

High Voltage (HV) Cables Subtypes:

1. High Voltage Power Cables

   • Tsanangudzo: Tambo idzi dzinoshandiswa kufambisa simba remagetsi pamadaro marefu pamhepo yakakwira (kazhinji 36 kV kusvika 245 kV). Iwo akaiswa insulated nezvikamu zvezvinhu zvinokwanisa kumira zvakanyanya.
   • Applications:
     • Magetsi ekufambisa magetsi (magetsi ekufambisa mitsara).
     • Zviteshi uye zvidyarwa zvemagetsi.
   • Mienzaniso YemienzanisoIEC 60840, IEC 62067.

2. XLPE Cables (Cross-Yakabatanidzwa Polyethylene Insulated Cables)

   • Tsanangudzo: Tambo idzi dzine muchinjiko-yakabatana polyethylene insulation inopa yepamusoro magetsi zvivakwa, kupisa kupisa, uye kusimba. Kazhinji inoshandiswa kune zvepakati kusvika kune yakakwirira voltage applications.
   • Applications:
     • Kugoverwa kwesimba mumagadzirirwo emaindasitiri.
     • Substation magetsi tambo.
     • Kuendesa kure-kure.
   • Mienzaniso YemienzanisoIEC 60502, IEC 60840, UL 1072.

3. Matambo Akazara Mafuta

   • Tsanangudzo: Matambo ane mafuta anozadza pakati pemaconductor uye masisitimu ekudzivirira ekuwedzera dielectric zvivakwa uye kutonhora. Aya anoshandiswa munzvimbo dzine zvakanyanyisa voltage zvinodiwa.
   • Applications:
     • Offshore oiri michina.
     • Deep gungwa uye pasi pemvura kutapurirana.
     • Inoda zvakanyanya maindasitiri setups.
   • Mienzaniso YemienzanisoIEC 60502-1, IEC 60840.

4. Gesi-Isulated Cables (GIL)

   • Tsanangudzo: Tambo idzi dzinoshandisa gasi (kazhinji sulfur hexafluoride) sechidziviriro chepakati pachinzvimbo chemidziyo yakasimba. Dzinowanzoshandiswa munzvimbo dzine nzvimbo shoma.
   • Applications:
     • Nzvimbo dzakakwirira-dzine maguta (zviteshi).
     • Mamiriro ezvinhu anoda kuvimbika kwakanyanya mukufambiswa kwemagetsi (semuenzaniso, magidhi emaguta).
   • Mienzaniso YemienzanisoIEC 62271-204, IEC 60840.

5. Submarine Cables

   • Tsanangudzo: Yakagadzirirwa zvakananga kutapurirana kwemagetsi epasi pemvura, tambo idzi dzakavakwa kuti dzirambe kupinda kwemvura uye kudzvanywa. Iwo anowanzo shandiswa muintercontinental kana offshore renewable simba masisitimu.
   • Applications:
     • Kufambiswa kwesimba repasi pegungwa pakati penyika kana zvitsuwa.
     • Offshore wind farms, pasi pemvura simba systems.
   • Mienzaniso YemienzanisoIEC 60287, IEC 60840.

6. HVDC Cables (High Voltage Direct Current)

   • Tsanangudzo: Tambo idzi dzakagadzirirwa kufambisa yakananga ikozvino (DC) simba pamusoro pemadaro marefu pamhepo yakakwira. Iwo anoshandiswa pakufambiswa kwesimba kwepamusoro-soro pamadaro akareba kwazvo.
   • Applications:
     • Kuendesa kure-kure simba simba.
     • Kubatanidza magetsi emagetsi kubva kumatunhu akasiyana kana nyika.
   • Mienzaniso YemienzanisoIEC 60287, IEC 62067.

Zvikamu zveMagetsi Cables

Tambo yemagetsi ine zvinhu zvakati wandei zvakakosha, imwe neimwe ichishanda rakati basa kuona kuti tambo inoita chinangwa chayo zvakachengeteka uye nemazvo. Izvo zvakakosha zvetambo yemagetsi zvinosanganisira:

1. Muitisi

Theconductorndiyo chikamu chepakati chetambo iyo magetsi anoyerera. Inowanzo gadzirwa kubva kumidziyo yakanaka conductor yemagetsi, semhangura kana aluminium. Kondakita ane basa rekutakura simba remagetsi kubva pane imwe nzvimbo kuenda kune imwe.

Mhando dzeMakondakita:

• Bare Copper Conductor:

  • Tsanangudzo: Mhangura ndeimwe yeanonyanya kushandiswa conductor zvinhu nekuda kwekunaka kwayo kwemagetsi conductivity uye kuramba kune ngura. Bare mhangura conductors anowanzo shandiswa mukugovera simba uye low voltage tambo.
  • Applications: Matambo emagetsi, tambo dzekudzora, uye wiring munzvimbo dzekugara uye dzemaindasitiri.

• Tinned Conductor:

  • Tsanangudzo: Mhangura yakanamirwa imhangura yakaputirwa netunhu tutete kuti iwedzere kusimba kwayo pakuora uye kusvibiswa. Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha munzvimbo dzemugungwa kana uko tambo dzinosangana nemamiriro ekunze akaipa.
  • Applications: Matambo anoshandiswa kunze kana akakwira-unyoro nharaunda, marine application.

• Aluminium Conductor:

  • Tsanangudzo: Aluminium inzira yakareruka uye inodhura-inoshanda kune mhangura. Kunyange zvazvo aruminiyamu ine yakaderera magetsi conductivity pane mhangura, inowanzoshandiswa mupamusoro-voltage magetsi ekufambisa uye kureba-tambo cables nekuda kwekureruka kwayo.
  • Applications: Matambo ekugovera magetsi, tambo dzepakati nepamusoro-voltage, tambo dzemuchadenga.

• Aluminium Alloy Conductor:

  • Tsanangudzo: Aluminium alloy conductors anosanganisa aruminiyamu netumwe tumwe simbi, senge magnesium kana silicon, kuvandudza simba ravo uye conductivity. Iwo anowanzo shandiswa kune pamusoro pekutapurirana mitsetse.
  • Applications: Mitsetse yemagetsi pamusoro, yepakati-voltage kugovera.

2. Insulation

Theinsulationkutenderedza kondakita kwakakosha kudzivirira kuvhunduka kwemagetsi uye mapfupi maseketi. Insulation zvinhu zvinosarudzwa zvichibva pakukwanisa kwavo kurwisa magetsi, kupisa, uye kushushikana kwezvakatipoteredza.

Mhando dzeInsulation:

• PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) Insulation:

  • Tsanangudzo: PVC inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kuvharidzira zvinhu zvepasi uye zvepakati voltage cables. Inochinjika, yakasimba, uye inopa kumira kwakanaka kune abrasion uye hunyoro.
  • Applications: Tambo dzemagetsi, waya dzemumba, uye tambo dzekudzora.

• XLPE (Cross-Yakabatanidzwa Polyethylene) Insulation:

  • Tsanangudzo: XLPE ndeyepamusoro-inoshanda insulation material inopesana nekupisa kwepamusoro, kushushikana kwemagetsi, uye kuora kwemakemikari. Inowanzoshandiswa kune tambo dzepakati nepamusoro.
  • Applications: Matambo epakati uye akakwira voltage, tambo dzemagetsi ekushandiswa kwemaindasitiri nekunze.

• EPR (Ethylene Propylene Rubber) Insulation:

  • Tsanangudzo: EPR insulation inopa yakanakisa magetsi zvivakwa, kugadzikana kwekupisa, uye kuramba hunyoro nemakemikari. Inoshandiswa mumashandisirwo anoda inoshanduka uye yakasimba insulation.
  • Applications: Matambo emagetsi, tambo dzemaindasitiri dzinochinjika, nzvimbo dzepamusoro-tembiricha.

• Rubber Insulation:

  • Tsanangudzo: Rubber insulation inoshandiswa kune tambo dzinoda kuchinjika uye kusimba. Inowanzoshandiswa munzvimbo umo tambo dzinoda kumira mechanical stress kana kufamba.
  • Applications: Mobile midziyo, welding tambo, maindasitiri muchina.

• Halogen-Yemahara Insulation (LSZH – Yakaderera Chiutsi Zero Halogen):

  • Tsanangudzo: LSZH zvigadziriso zvekudzivirira zvakagadzirirwa kuburitsa zvishoma kana zvisingasviki uye pasina halogen magasi kana akaiswa pamoto, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakanaka kune nharaunda dzinoda yakakwirira yekudzivirira moto mitemo.
  • Applications: Zvivakwa zveveruzhinji, tunnel, nhandare dzendege, tambo dzekudzora munzvimbo dzinonzwa moto.

3. Kudzivirira

Shieldinginowanzowedzerwa kune tambo kuchengetedza conductor uye insulation kubva pakukanganiswa kwemagetsi (EMI) kana radio-frequency interference (RFI). Inogona zvakare kushandiswa kudzivirira tambo kubva pakuburitsa electromagnetic mwaranzi.

Mhando dzeShielding:

• Copper Braid Shielding:

  • Tsanangudzo: Copper braids inopa yakanakisa dziviriro kubva kuEMI uye RFI. Inowanzo shandiswa mumatambo ezviridzwa uye tambo apo zviratidzo zvepamusoro-soro zvinoda kutumirwa pasina kukanganisa.
  • Applications: Tambo dzedata, tambo dzechiratidzo, uye zvemagetsi zvinonzwisisika.

• Aluminium Foil Shielding:

  • Tsanangudzo: Aluminium foil nhovo inoshandiswa kupa huremu uye inochinjika dziviriro kubva kuEMI. Zvinowanzowanikwa mumatambo anoda kushanduka kwepamusoro uye kukwirira kwekudzivirira kushanda.
  • Applications: Flexible signal cables, low-voltage power cables.

• Foil uye Braid Combination Shielding:

  • Tsanangudzo: Iyi mhando yekudzivirira inosanganisa ese foil uye braids kuti ipe dziviriro mbiri kubva mukukanganiswa uchichengetedza kuchinjika.
  • Applications: Maindasitiri echiratidzo tambo, masevhisi ekudzora masisitimu, tambo dzezviridzwa.

4. Bhachi (Outer Sheath)

Thebhachindiyo yekunze yakatsetseka yetambo, iyo inopa kudzivirira kwemuchina uye kuchengetedza kubva kune zvakatipoteredza zvinhu zvakaita sehunyoro, makemikari, UV mwaranzi, uye kupfeka kwemuviri.

Mhando dzeJaketi:

• PVC Jacket:

  • Tsanangudzo: Mabhachi ePVC anopa dziviriro yekutanga kubva kubrasion, mvura, uye mamwe makemikari. Iwo anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mune general-chinangwa simba uye kutonga tambo.
  • Applications: Wiring yekugara, chiedza-basa maindasitiri tambo, general-chinangwa tambo.

• Rubber Jacket:

  • Tsanangudzo: Mabhachi eRubber anoshandiswa kune tambo dzinoda kuchinjika uye kukwirira kupikisa kushushikana kwemagetsi uye nehutsinye hwemamiriro ekunze.
  • Applications: Flexible maindasitiri tambo, welding tambo, kunze simba tambo.

• Polyethylene (PE) Jacket:

  • Tsanangudzo: Mabhachi ePE anoshandiswa mumashandisirwo apo tambo inoratidzirwa kune mamiriro ekunze uye inoda kuramba UV radiation, hunyoro, uye makemikari.
  • Applications: Matambo emagetsi ekunze, tambo dzenhare, kuiswa kwepasi pevhu.

• Halogen-Yemahara (LSZH) Jacket:

  • Tsanangudzo: Mabhachi eLSZH anoshandiswa munzvimbo dzinokosha kuchengetedza moto. Zvinhu izvi hazvibudise utsi hune chepfu kana magasi anoparadza kana moto wabvira.
  • Applications: Zvivakwa zveveruzhinji, tunnel, zvifambiso zvezvifambiso.

5. Zvombo zvehondo (Zvichida)

Kune mamwe marudzi etambo,zvomboinoshandiswa kupa kuchengetedzwa kwemichina kubva mukukuvadzwa kwemuviri, iyo inonyanya kukosha pakuisa pasi pevhu kana kunze.

• Steel Wire Armored (SWA) Cables:

  • Tsanangudzo: Simbi wire armoring inowedzera imwe nhanho yedziviriro kubva mukukuvadzwa kwemichina, kudzvanywa, uye kukanganisa.
  • Applications: Kuiswa kwekunze kana kwepasi pevhu, nzvimbo dzine njodzi huru yekukuvara kwemuviri.

• Aluminium Wire Armored (AWA) Cables:

  • Tsanangudzo: Aluminium nhumbi dzokurwa nadzo dzinoshandiswa kune zvimwewo zvinangwa sesimbi yezvombo asi inopa imwe yakareruka.
  • Applications: Kuiswa kwekunze, michina yemaindasitiri, kugovera magetsi.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, tambo dzemagetsi dzine asimbi shield or metallic shieldinglayer kuti ipe imwe dziviriro uye kuwedzera mashandiro. Thesimbi shieldinoshanda zvakawanda zvinangwa, sekudzivirira kukanganiswa kwemagetsi (EMI), kuchengetedza conductor, uye nekupa hwaro hwekuchengetedza. Heano makurumhando dzesimbi dzinodzivirirauye yavomabasa chaiwo:

Mhando dzeMetal Shielding muCables

1. Copper Braid Shielding

• Tsanangudzo: Copper braid shielding ine tambo dzakarukwa dzewaya yemhangura yakaputirwa nekuvhara kwetambo. Ndiyo imwe yemhando dzakajairika dzesimbi shielding inoshandiswa mumatambo.
• Mabasa:
  • Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) Dziviriro: Copper braid inopa yakanakisa dziviriro kubva kuEMI uye redhiyo frequency interference (RFI). Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha munzvimbo dzine ruzha rukuru rwemagetsi.
  • Grounding: Iyo yakarukwa yemhangura layer inoshandawo senzira inoenda pasi, kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedza nekudzivirira kuunganidzwa kwemagetsi ane njodzi.
  • Mechanical Protection: Inowedzera dhizaini yesimba remagetsi kune tambo, ichiita kuti ive yakanyanya kusagadzika kuabrasion uye kukuvadzwa kubva kumasimba ekunze.
• Applications: Inoshandiswa mumatambo edatha, tambo dzezviridzwa, tambo dzechiratidzo, uye tambo dzemagetsi anonzwa.

2. Aluminium Foil Shielding

• Tsanangudzo: Aluminium foil shielding ine chidimbu chitete chealuminium chakaputirwa netambo, kazhinji inosanganiswa nepolyester kana firimu repurasitiki. Kudzivirira uku kwakareruka uye kunopa dziviriro inoenderera yakatenderedza conductor.
• Mabasa:
  • Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) Shielding: Aluminium foil inopa yakanakisa kudzivirirwa kunopesana neakaderera-frequency EMI uye RFI, ichibatsira kuchengetedza kutendeseka kwezviratidzo mukati metambo.
  • Unyoro Chivharidzo: Pamusoro pekuchengetedzwa kweEMI, aluminium foil inoshanda sechivharo chekunyorova, kudzivirira mvura nezvimwe zvinosvibisa kupinda mutambo.
  • Kureruka uye Kunodhura-Kushanda: Aluminium yakareruka uye inokwanisika kupfuura mhangura, zvichiita kuti ive inodhura-inoshanda mhinduro yekudzivirira.
• Applications: Inowanzo shandiswa mumatambo ekufonera, coaxial tambo, uye low-voltage magetsi tambo.

3. Yakasanganiswa Braid uye Foil Shielding

• Tsanangudzo: Iyi mhando yekudzivirira inosanganisa zvese zvemhangura braid uye aluminium foil kuti ipe dziviriro mbiri. Iyo mhangura yemhangura inopa simba uye dziviriro kubva mukukuvadzwa kwemuviri, nepo aluminium foil inopa inoenderera EMI dziviriro.
• Mabasa:
  • Yakavandudzwa EMI uye RFI Shielding: Iko kusanganiswa kwebraid uye foil nhovo inopa kuchengetedzwa kwepamusoro kubva kune yakafararira yemagetsi kukanganiswa, kuve nechokwadi chekufambisa kwechiratidzo chakavimbika.
  • Flexibility uye Durability: Iyi inodzivirira mbiri inopa zvese mechanical kuchengetedza (braid) uye yakakwirira-frequency kupindira kudzivirira (foil), zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kune tambo dzinochinjika.
  • Grounding uye Kuchengetedza: Iyo yemhangura yemhangura inoshandawo senzira yepasi, inovandudza kuchengetedzwa mukuiswa kwetambo.
• Applications: Inoshandiswa mumaindasitiri ekudzora tambo, tambo dzekufambisa data, wiring yemidziyo yekurapa, uye mamwe maapplication apo ese ari maviri emagetsi simba uye EMI kudzivirira.

4. Steel Wire Armoring (SWA)

• Tsanangudzo: Simbi wire armoring inosanganisira kuputira waya dzesimbi dzakatenderedza tambo yekuvharisa, inowanzo shandiswa pamwe nemamwe marudzi ekudzivirira kana kuvhara.
• Mabasa:
  • Mechanical Protection: SWA inopa dziviriro yakasimba yemuviri kubva pakukanganisa, kupwanya, uye kumwe kushushikana kwemagetsi. Inowanzo shandiswa mumatambo anoda kumira zvinorema-basa nharaunda, senge nzvimbo dzekuvaka kana kuisa pasi pevhu.
  • Grounding: Simbi waya inogonawo kushanda senzira yekumisa chengetedzo.
  • Corrosion Resistance: Steel waya armoring, kunyanya kana galvanized, inopa imwe dziviriro kubva mukuora, iyo inobatsira kune tambo dzinoshandiswa munzvimbo dzakaoma kana kunze.
• Applications: Inoshandiswa mumatambo emagetsi kuisirwa kunze kana pasi pevhu, masisitimu ekudzora maindasitiri, uye tambo munzvimbo dzine njodzi yekukuvadzwa kwemuchina.

5. Aluminium Wire Armoring (AWA)

• Tsanangudzo: Zvakafanana nesimbi wire armoring, aluminium wire armoring inoshandiswa kupa mechanical kuchengetedza kune tambo. Iyo yakareruka uye inodhura-inoshanda pane simbi wire armoring.
• Mabasa:
  • Kudzivirirwa Pamuviri: AWA inopa dziviriro kubva mukukuvadzwa kwemuviri sekupwanya, kukanganisa, uye abrasion. Inowanzo shandiswa kuisirwa pasi pevhu nekunze uko tambo inogona kuoneswa kune mechanical stress.
  • Grounding: Kufanana neSWA, aluminiyamu waya inogonawo kubatsira kupa ivhu rekuchengetedza zvinangwa.
  • Corrosion Resistance: Aluminium inopa kuramba kuri nani kune ngura munzvimbo dzakafumurwa nehunyoro kana makemikari.
• Applications: Inoshandiswa mumatambo emagetsi, kunyanya kune yepakati-voltage kugovera mukumisikidzwa kwekunze nepasi pevhu.

Pfupiso yeMabasa eMetal Shields

• Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) Dziviriro: Nhoo dzesimbi dzakaita semhangura yemhangura uye aluminium foil inovhara zvisingadiwe magineti emagetsi masaini kubva pakukanganisa kutapurirana kwetambo yemukati kana kutiza nekukanganisa mimwe michina.
• Chiratidzo Kuperera: Metal shielding inovimbisa kutendeseka kwedata kana chiratidzo chekufambisa munzvimbo dzakakwirira-frequency, kunyanya mumidziyo inonzwisisika.
• Mechanical Protection: Nhoo dzine zvombo, ingave dzakagadzirwa nesimbi kana aluminiyamu, dzinodzivirira tambo kubva mukukuvadzwa kwepanyama kunokonzerwa nekupwanya, kukanganisa, kana mabrasions, kunyanya munzvimbo dzakaoma dzemaindasitiri.
• Kudzivirira Kwemvura: Mamwe marudzi ekudzivirira kwesimbi, sealuminium foil, anobatsirawo kuvhara unyoro kubva pakupinda tambo, kudzivirira kukanganisa kwezvikamu zvemukati.
• Grounding: Nhoo dzesimbi, kunyanya mabhandi emhangura uye tambo dzehondo, dzinogona kupa nzira dzepasi, kuwedzera kuchengetedzwa nekudzivirira njodzi dzemagetsi.
• Corrosion Resistance: Dzimwe simbi, dzakaita sealuminium nesimbi, dzinopa dziviriro yakawedzerwa kubva mukuora, zvichiita kuti dzikwane kunze, pasi pemvura, kana hutsinye hwemakemikari nharaunda.

Zvishandiso zveMetal Shielded Cables:

• Telecommunications: Kune coaxial tambo uye data data tambo, kuve nechokwadi chepamusoro chiratidzo chemhando uye kuramba kukanganiswa.
• Industrial Control Systems: Kune tambo dzinoshandiswa mumichina inorema uye masisitimu ekudzora, uko zvese zvemichini uye kuchengetedzwa kwemagetsi kunodiwa.
• Kunze uye Underground Installations: Kune tambo dzemagetsi kana tambo dzinoshandiswa munzvimbo dzine njodzi huru yekukuvara kwemuviri kana kuratidzwa kune yakaoma mamiriro.
• Midziyo Yezvokurapa: Kune tambo dzinoshandiswa mumidziyo yekurapa, uko zvese chiratidzo chekuvimbika uye kuchengetedzeka kwakakosha.
• Magetsi uye Simba Kugovera: Kune epakati uye akakwira-voltage tambo, kunyanya munzvimbo dzinowanzo kukanganiswa kwekunze kana kukuvara kwemagetsi.

Nekusarudza iyo chaiyo mhando yesimbi inodzivirira, unogona kuve nechokwadi chekuti tambo dzako dzinosangana nezvinodiwa pakuita, kusimba, uye kuchengetedzeka mune chaiyo maapplication.

Cable Nameing Kokorodzano

1. Insulation Types

2. Shielding Types

3. Inner Liner

4. Armoring Types

5. Outer Sheath

6. Conductor Types

7. Voltage Rating

8. Kudzora Cables

9. Muenzaniso Cable Zita Kuputsa

Cable Design Regulations by Region

Key Design Elements neDunhu

Mamwe Manotsi paMaitiro:

• China's GB zviyerozvinonyanya kutariswa nezve kuchengetedzeka kwakawanda uye kutonga kwemhando, asi zvakare zvinosanganisira yakasarudzika mirau yakanangana neChinese zvinodiwa mudzimba, sekuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza.

• UL zviyero muUSvanozivikanwa zvakanyanya kune moto uye bvunzo dzekuchengetedza. Ivo vanowanzo tarisa njodzi dzemagetsi senge kuwedzeredza uye kuramba moto, kwakakosha kuisirwa mune zvese zvivakwa zvekugara uye zvemaindasitiri.

• IEC zviyeroanozivikanwa pasi rose uye anoshandiswa muEurope yose nedzimwe nzvimbo dzakawanda dzepasi. Vanovavarira kuwiriranisa kuchengetedzwa uye nhanho dzemhando, kuita kuti tambo dzive dzakachengeteka kushandiswa munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana, kubva kudzimba kuenda kumaindasitiri.

• JIS mitemomuJapan vanotarisisa zvakanyanya pakuchengetedza chigadzirwa uye kuchinjika. Mitemo yavo inovimbisa kuti tambo dzinoita zvakavimbika munzvimbo dzemaindasitiri uye dzinosangana dzakasimba kuchengetedza zviyero.

Thesaizi chiyero chemakondakitainotsanangurwa neyakasiyana-siyana yepasirese mwero uye mirau kuti ive nechokwadi chekwakaringana zviyero uye hunhu hwemakondakita kune yakachengeteka uye inoshanda kufambisa kwemagetsi. Pazasi ndiwo makuruconductor saizi zviyero:

1. Conductor Size Standards by Material

Kukura kwemagetsi emagetsi kunowanzotsanangurwa maererano necross-sectional nzvimbo(mu mm²) kanagauge(AWG kana kcmil), zvichienderana nenharaunda uye rudzi rwezvinhu zve conductor (mhangura, aluminium, nezvimwewo).

a. Copper Conductor:

• Muchinjikwa-chikamu nzvimbo(mm²): Mazhinji maconductor emhangura akakuriswa nenzvimbo yavo yepakati, kazhinji kubva0.5 mm² to 400 mm²kana zvimwe zvetambo dzemagetsi.
• AWG (American Wire Gauge): Kune madiki gauge conductors, saizi inomiririrwa muAWG (American Wire Gauge), kubva24 AWG(waya mutete kwazvo) kusvika4/0 AWG(waya yakakura kwazvo).

b. Aluminium Conductors:

• Muchinjikwa-chikamu nzvimbo(mm²): Aluminium conductors anoyerwawo nenzvimbo yavo yepakati, ine masaizi akajairwa kubva1.5 mm² to 500 mm²kana kupfuura.
• AWG: Aluminium waya saizi inowanzosiyana kubva10 AWG to 500 kcmil.

c. Mamwe Makondakita:

• Formhangura yakabikwa or aluminiumwaya dzinoshandiswa kune akasarudzika maapplication (semuenzaniso, zvemugungwa, maindasitiri, nezvimwewo), iyo conductor size standard inoratidzwa zvakare mu.mm² or AWG.

2. International Standards for Conductor Size

a. IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) Maitiro:

• IEC 60228: Iyi chiyero inotsanangudza kurongeka kwemhangura nealuminium conductor anoshandiswa mumatambo akaiswa insulated. Inotsanangura maconductor saizi mukatimm².
• IEC 60287: Inovhara kuverenga kweyezvino chiyero chetambo, uchifunga nezve saizi yeconductor uye rudzi rwekudzivirira.

b. NEC (National Electrical Code) Mitemo (US):

• MuUS, iyoNECinotsanangura saizi dzemakondakita, ane masaizi akajairwa kubva14 AWG to 1000 kcmil, zvichienderana nekushandiswa (semuenzaniso, pekugara, yekutengesa, kana maindasitiri).

c. JIS (Japanese Industrial Standards):

• JIS C 3602: Iyi chiyero inotsanangura saizi yekondakita kune akasiyana tambo nemhando dzadzo dzinoenderana. Saizi inowanzopihwa mukatimm²yemhangura nealuminium conductors.

3. Conductor Size Kubva pane Current Rating

• Theikozvino-kutakura simbaye conductor inoenderana nechinhu, rudzi rwe insulation, uye saizi.
• Formhangura conductors, saizi yacho inowanzobva pa0.5 mm²(yezvikumbiro zvakaderera zvazvino senge waya dzechiratidzo) ku1000 mm²(yetambo dzepamusoro-soro dzekutumira).
• Foraluminium conductors, saizi dzinowanzo siyana kubva1.5 mm² to 1000 mm²kana yakakwirira kune zvinorema-basa zvikumbiro.

4. Mitemo yeSpecial Cable Applications

• Flexible conductors(anoshandiswa mumatambo ekufambisa zvikamu, marobhoti eindasitiri, nezvimwewo) angave anemadiki machinjiro-zvikamuasi dzakagadzirirwa kutsungirira kudzokororwa kuchinjika.
• Matambo asingadziviriri pamoto uye ane hutsi hushomakazhinji vanoteedzera akaomeswa zviyero zvesaizi conductor kuti ave nechokwadi chekuita pasi pemamiriro akanyanya, sengeIEC 60332.

5. Conductor Size Calculation (Basic Formula)

Theconductor sizeinogona kufungidzirwa uchishandisa fomula yeiyo mhiri-chikamu nzvimbo:

Nzvimbo (mm²)=4π×d2

Kupi:

• $dd$

  d = dhayamita ye conductor (mu mm)

• Area= cross-sectional area yemuitisi

Pfupiso yeMakuriro Akaita Conductor:

Cable Cross-Section Area vs. Gauge, Current Rating, uye Usage

Tsanangudzo yeColumns:

1. Muchinjikwa-Chikamu Nzvimbo (mm²): Nharaunda yemuchinjiko wemuchinjiro, inova yakakosha pakuona kugona kwewaya kutakura ikozvino.
2. AWG Gauge: The American Wire Gauge (AWG) chiyero chinoshandiswa kuyera tambo, ine nhamba hombe dzegeji dzinoratidza waya dzakatetepa.
3. Chiyero Chazvino (A): Iyo yakanyanya ikozvino tambo inogona kutakura zvakachengeteka pasina kupisa, zvichibva pane zvayo zvinhu uye kuvhara.
4. Usage: Mashandisirwo emhando yega yega saizi yetambo, zvichiratidza uko tambo inowanzoshandiswa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvesimba.

Cherechedza:

• Copper Conductorkazhinji inotakura zviyero zvazvino zvichienzaniswa nealuminium conductorskune imwechete-sectional nzvimbo nekuda kwemhangura iri nani conductivity.
• Theinsulation zvinhu(semuenzaniso, PVC, XLPE) uye zvakatipoteredza (semuenzaniso, tembiricha, ambient mamiriro) zvinogona kukanganisa tambo inotakura tambo.
• Tafura iyiindicativeuye mipimo nemamiriro emunharaunda anofanirwa kugara achitariswa kuti aone saizi chaiyo.

Kubva 2009,Danyang Winpower Wire uye Cable Mfg Co., Ltd.yanga ichirima mumunda wemagetsi nemagetsi wiring kweanoda kusvika makore gumi nemashanu, ichiunganidza hupfumi hweruzivo rweindasitiri uye hunyanzvi hwekuvandudza tekinoroji. Isu tinotarisa pakuunza hukuru hwepamusoro, hwese-kwakapoteredza kuwirirana uye wiring mhinduro kumusika, uye chigadzirwa chimwe nechimwe chakanyatsosimbiswa neEuropean neAmerica masangano ane chiremera, akakodzera kune zvinodiwa zvekubatanidza mumamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana-siyana.Chikwata chedu chehunyanzvi chichakupa huwandu hwakazara hwemazano ehunyanzvi uye rutsigiro rwebasa rekubatanidza tambo, ndapota taura nesu! Danyang Winpower anoda kuenda pamwe chete newe, kune hupenyu huri nani pamwe chete.